Work stress and burnout are problems that are receiving increasing attention in the modern working world. Ever increasing workloads, rising expectations and work-life imbalances all contribute to these phenomena. It is important to understand exactly how these factors affect mental health and how they can be addressed.
What is stress at work?
Stress at work is the physical and emotional reaction to a particular work environment that exceeds the individual’s ability to cope. Sources of stress can include excessive workload, insecurity, workplace conflict and dissatisfaction with working conditions.
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), stress at work is the most common health problem affecting millions of workers worldwide. 59% of European workers report experiencing stress at work, with a significant impact on work performance and mental health.
The phenomenon of burnout
Burnout is a chronic condition resulting from long-term stress, characterised by emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation (loss of empathy with others) and reduced performance. Symptoms of burnout include physical and mental fatigue, lack of motivation and negative attitudes towards the workplace.
In 2019, the WHO officially recognised burnout as a work-related syndrome with a significant impact on mental health. According to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), burnout is “a consequence of inadequately managed chronic work stress.”
The impact of stress and burnout at work on mental health
Stress and burnout at work can seriously damage mental health in the long term. Emotional exhaustion, constant tension and pressure at work can leave workers vulnerable to anxiety, depression and other mental health problems.
Anxiety and depression
Ongoing stress at work increases the risk of developing anxiety and depression. According to a study published in 2018, people who experience high levels of workplace stress are 50% more likely to develop depression than those who work in less stressful work environments. Anxiety disorders often go hand in hand with constant worry, concentration difficulties and sleep problems, which can exacerbate mental health.
Psychosomatic symptoms
Chronic stress can also cause physical symptoms that are closely linked to mental health. Headaches, muscle tension, digestive problems and cardiovascular disease are common. These symptoms can further deteriorate the worker’s quality of life in the long term and contribute to worsening mental health problems.
Lower self-esteem and motivation
Burnout is often associated with a loss of self-esteem and motivation. Workers may feel unable to meet workplace expectations, which can lead to increased feelings of guilt, anxiety and lack of self-confidence. These feelings further increase the risk of burnout and mental health problems.
How to manage stress and burnout at work?
Managing stress and burnout at work is a complex task that requires the cooperation of both the employee and the employer.
Workplace support
Support at work is key to managing stress. Flexible working, adequate rest periods and a supportive workplace culture can help reduce stress. It is also important to train managers to recognise signs of burnout and provide appropriate support to employees.
Personal stress management techniques
To manage stress, employees must also take active steps. Techniques such as meditation, regular exercise, relaxation exercises and a healthy lifestyle can all help to reduce the effects of stress. It is important that workers take time to relax and recuperate to avoid burnout.
Professional help
If symptoms of stress and burnout worsen, it is worth seeking professional help. Psychological counselling, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and psychiatric treatments can be effective in restoring mental health.
